Abstract
BackgroundResveratrol is a polyphenolic compound extracted from plants and is also a constituent of red wine. Resveratrol produces relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and may prevent cardiovascular diseases. Although resveratrol has been reported to cause relaxation of the guinea pig gallbladder, limited data are available about the effect of resveratrol on the gallbladder smooth muscle in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relaxation effects of resveratrol in human gallbladder muscle strips.MethodsWe studied the relaxant effects of resveratrol in human gallbladder. In addition, we also investigated mechanism of resveratrol-induced relaxation in human gallbladder by tetraethylammonium (a non-selective potassium channels blocker), iberiotoxin (an inhibitor of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel), glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker), charybdotoxin (an inhibitor of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels and slowly inactivating voltage-gated potassium channels), apamine (a selective inhibitor of the small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel), KT 5720 (a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A inhibitor), KT 5823 (a cGMP-dependent protein kinase G inhibitor), NG-Nitro-L-arginine (a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), tetrodotoxin (a selective neuronal Na+ channel blocker), and ω-conotoxin GVIA (a selective neuronal Ca2+ channel blocker).ResultsThe present study showed that resveratrol has relaxant effects in human gallbladder muscle strips. In addition, we found that resveratrol-induced relaxation in human gallbladder is associated with nitric oxide, ATP-sensitive potassium channel, and large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel pathways.ConclusionsThis study provides the first evidence concerning the relaxant effects of resveratrol in human gallbladder muscle strips. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that resveratrol is a potential new drug or health supplement in the treatment of biliary colic.
Highlights
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound extracted from plants and is a constituent of red wine
The effects of resveratrol on neurally-mediated human gallbladder relaxation As shown in Fig. 3, neither 1 mM TTX nor 1 mM conotoxin GVIA (CTX) had inhibitory effects on the relaxation in human gallbladder induced by resveratrol (p > 0.05, n = 6 and 3, respectively)
These results indicate that resveratrolinduced human gallbladder relaxation does not involve the activation of the enteric nervous system
Summary
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound extracted from plants and is a constituent of red wine. Resveratrol produces relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and may prevent cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relaxation effects of resveratrol in human gallbladder muscle strips. Resveratrol (3′,5′,4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that was first isolated from the roots of white Hellebore [1]. It has been found in various plant roots and a constituent of red wine [2, 3]. Resveratrol has shown potential beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease in preclinical studies. NSAIDs usually induce peptic ulcers or gastrointestinal upset, Tsai et al BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2017) 17:254 and common side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs include urinary retention, glaucoma, and confusion [9]
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