Abstract
A new interpretation of the phenomenon of protective film formation is submitted, based on the application of the concept of zeta potentials of extended metal surfaces and suspended particles. At the operating concentrations for the FeSO, treatment of condenser tubes, negatively charged particles of hydrated Fe oxide precipitate at the pH thus established. The electric field associated with the positive-zeta-potential Cu 2O film formed on the tube surfaces extends into the bulk of the solution at the operating cooling water flow rates, attracting the negatively charged suspended particles of hydrated Fe oxide.
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