Abstract
The processes which take place in the paste during preparation and formation of lead/acid battery positive plates in H 2SO 4 (sp.gr. 1.05) were studied using wet chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. It was found that basic lead sulfate was obtained in two stages. During the first stage, free lead reacts in a basic character paste with H 2SO 4 added to the lead powder and gives lead sulfate with an overall stoichiometry equivalent to PbSO 4 · H 2O. During the second period, PbO undergoes an acid/base reaction to 3PbO · PbSO 4 · H 2O. When soaking and forming in free H 2SO 4, lead oxide (free PbO plus PbO in the basic sulfate) reacts with H 2SO 4 and gives lead sulfate PbSO 4. The X-ray diffraction data showed that PbSO 4 · H 2O is converted to α-PbO 2, while PbSO 4 leads to the β-PbO 2 form.
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