Mechanism of Non-Canonical Regulation Pathways of HIF-1α and Their Possible Applications in Cartilage Medical Bioengineering

Abstract

A recent focus of research, medical bioengineering aims to advance fundamental ideas, generate knowledge from the molecular to the organ level, and create novel biological products, materials, processing techniques, implants, instruments, and informatics methods for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, patient rehabilitation, and health enhancement. Cartilage damage has been a clinical troublesome for a long time. Traditional therapies have lots of limitations. Recent studies have found that under the presence of HIF-1, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the tendency to differentiate into chondrocytes. Associated with advanced bioengineering techniques, this finding provides a new aspect of cartilage repairing. This article introduces HIF-1 and HIF-1α as its regulatory subunit, the source and differentiation directions of MSC and relations between it and HIF-1, articular cartilage arthritis and normal arthritis and the mechanism of three non-canonical regulations of HIF-1α while analyze their advantages and existing issues, aiming at provides new and reliable future cartilage repairing.