Mechanism of immune inflammation after severe trauma and progress in clinical intervention

Abstract

The pathophysiological process of immune inflammatory response after severe trauma is extremely complex, especially manifested in the dynamic changes. In the physiological response state, the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory conditions are in a dynamic balance. The immune inflammatory response is relatively stable, avoiding excessive inflammatory reactions or immunosuppression and reducing further damage to the body. In the pathological response state, the dynamic balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory is broken, and it can also lead to persistent inflammatory-immunosuppression-catabolism syndrome (PICS). As a result, it increases serious complications such as uncontrolled inflammatory reactions, sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and multiple organ failure (MOF). Current researches on post-traumatic immune inflammatory response have also expanded to the genetic level, indicating that the over-expression of genes and the generation and increase of immune response media are likely to be the key reasons for the disorder of immune inflammatory response. The author reviews the research progress of immune inflammatory response mechanism and related clinical intervention after severe trauma, in order to summarize the previous research results and explore the future research direction. Key words: Wounds and injuries; Immunity; Inflammatory reaction; Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome