Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the formation of health protection institutes in Russia and European countries. Their importance for the current state of health systems is analyzed from the standpoint of historical and socio-legal analysis. The authors note that the formation of an administrative mechanism for the prevention and control of diseases took place in Eastern and Western Europe throughout the Middle Ages and New Times. However, the turning point in the development of health care institutions in Russia and in Europe was the 18th century. Since that time, we can talk about the formation of health systems in the modern sense. According to the authors, the idea of the state responsibility for the health of its population, as well as the belief of European scientists about the social nature of many diseases, which spread in Western Europe, contributed to this formation. In the authors’ opinion, this fact led to the emergence of the first health laws, in which the main factor in the health of citizens was recognized as an improvement in their living conditions. It is noted that international recognition of health as a subjective right of every person has led to revolutionary changes in national health systems. National health standards began to change in the direction of their compliance with international standards. According to the authors, there are legal prerequisites for the formation of an effective and socially-oriented health care system in Russia. The authors think that there are legal prerequisites for the formation of an effective and socially-directed health care system in Russia. This is due to the constitutional consolidation of the right to health protection, as well as the treatment of health in its international legal significance. The main methods used were the method of analysis, the rationale, the comparative-historical method.
Highlights
Health is a necessary condition for the biological existence of man, a condition for the person to realize his opportunities in society, a condition that determines the very quality of life
There was a need to create a social institution for health protection, which is commonly called the health care system
It should be noted that initially the public health protection system was in many ways similar to Western European models
Summary
Health is a necessary condition for the biological existence of man, a condition for the person to realize his opportunities in society, a condition that determines the very quality of life. It should be noted that initially (in the preMongolian period) the public health protection system was in many ways similar to Western European models This can be explained by a single set of Christian values that existed in Russia and in Europe before the 18th century, which respectively determined a unified approach to the organization of state power in general and in the field of health in particular. As can be inferred from his words, even at the end of the 18th century, among the advanced circles of European doctors, a conviction was expressed about the social nature of many diseases and the need to improve the living conditions of the population for their eradication This time includes an attempt to draw attention to health problems at the international level. It should be remembered that this system became really effective and socially-oriented only in the 20th century, with the recognition of health as a human right
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