Abstract
Objective To explore the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture to improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes rats. Methods Fourteen Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats were randomly divided into two groups: a model group and an electroacupuncture group, with 7 rats in each group. Seven Zucker Lean (ZL) rats served as a control group. All rats were fed with Purina #5008 for 4 weeks, and the electroacupuncture group received 4-week electroacupuncture intervention, while the control group and model group received no intervention. We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) on the fourth weekend. After 4 weeks of intervention, the expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) tyrosine phosphorylation, IRS-1 serine/threonine phosphorylation, and GLUT4 in quadriceps femoris muscles were detected by western Blot. Results Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group had a lower level of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin level, and insulin resistance index (P < 0.05). The electroacupuncture group had lower IRS-1 serine/threonine phosphorylation than the model group, with the difference showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the mean score (MS) of the control group showed the lowest phosphorylation expression, followed by the electroacupuncture group, while the model group had the highest level of phosphorylated protein expression. The level of IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation at Tyr895 sites was compared, and the result showed that there was no significant difference between the electroacupuncture group and the control group (P > 0.05), and the electroacupuncture group had higher phosphorylation expression than the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group and the model group, the expression level of GLUT4 protein in the electroacupuncture group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture has the effect to improve the insulin sensitivity of type 2 diabetic ZDF rats by reducing fasting blood glucose, insulin level, and insulin resistance index, effectively up regulating the expression of GLUT4 protein in quadriceps femoris muscle. The mechanism is related to the regulation of skeletal muscle IRS-1 serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation levels.
Highlights
Diabetes is a metabolic disease of the endocrine system caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors [1]
Skeletal muscle is the most important peripheral target organ of insulin. It is an important tissue for insulin-mediated uptake and utilization of glucose, where 80% of glucose circulating in the blood is taken up and metabolized by skeletal muscle. erefore, it is critical to study the mechanism of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle
We investigated the effect of electroacupuncture on the phosphorylation level of IRS-1 in Zucker diabetic fatty ZL (ZDF) rats and observed whether electroacupuncture can promote the uptake of skeletal muscle glucose by regulating the phosphorylation of skeletal muscle IRS-1, which provides evidence for the mechanism of electro-acupuncture treatment in type 2 diabetes
Summary
To explore the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture to improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes rats. Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group had a lower level of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin level, and insulin resistance index (P < 0.05). E electroacupuncture group had lower IRS-1 serine/threonine phosphorylation than the model group, with the difference showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). E level of IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation at Tyr895 sites was compared, and the result showed that there was no significant difference between the electroacupuncture group and the control group (P > 0.05), and the electroacupuncture group had higher phosphorylation expression than the model group (P < 0.05). Electroacupuncture has the effect to improve the insulin sensitivity of type 2 diabetic ZDF rats by reducing fasting blood glucose, insulin level, and insulin resistance index, effectively up regulating the expression of GLUT4 protein in quadriceps femoris muscle. E mechanism is related to the regulation of skeletal muscle IRS-1 serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation levels
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