Mechanism of action of yoga on prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Narrative review

Abstract

BackgroundResearch in India has recognized Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (t2dm) and prediabetes (pdm) as psychosomatic metabolic endocrine disorders characterized by glycemic disharmony. This review aimed at collating information from published e-papers on mechanism of action (MOA) of yoga therapy(YT) and integrated approach of yoga therapy (IAYT) on pdm and t2dm. MethodContent on YT and the MOA on prevention and management of t2dm were extracted from online sources such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library and Library genesis. This review included 58 articles related to prediabetes, t2dm, pre-diabetes to t2dm conversion, mechanism of action of Yoga, Yoga and t2dm, prediabetes and yoga. Articles related to type 1 diabetes, diabetes insipidus and gestational diabetes were excluded. ResultCurrent scientific review resulted in understanding the different mechanisms involved in rejuvenating effect of Yoga as YT and IAYT in prediabetes and t2dm. However, the various mechanisms by which the interventions work are understood either through a single or combined impact on regaining autonomic balance, vagal modulation, regulation of hormones and thereby attaining glycemic control. Moreover, these mechanisms are the forthcomings of the cross talk between brain, mind and body systems under branches of neurophysiology, neuroendocrinology, psychophysiology, psycho neuroendocrinology and/or neuropsychology. ConclusionEvidence sought from published research works proclaim YT based life style modification for prevention and management of t2dm. Summing up, the effect is stipulated based on the approach, method of practice, time of the day, belief and dedication of the practitioners.