Abstract
Osteocytes sense mechanical stress and specifically express sclerostin. Sclerostin suppresses osteoblastic function by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The disruption of Sost gene encoding sclerostin causes resistance to the reduction of bone volume and bone formation after skeletal unloading. Transgenic mice with high expression of Sost gene show no increase in bone formation after skeletal loading. Sost gene is essential for alteration of bone formation after mechanical stress. In humans, high degree of physical activity is associated with low concentration of serum sclerostin, while immobilization is associated with high concentration of serum sclerostin. Concentration of serum sclerostin well correlates with bone turnover markers.
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