Abstract
Fiber needle felt–silica aerogel composite was successfully prepared by via sol–gel process based on water glass. The thermal conductivity show V-type variation tendency with the increase of water to Si. Thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that the thermal stability was up to approximately 390.58 °C. It has been found that the fire hazard of the composites decreased with the increased ratio of water to Si according to the cone calorimeter test, which can be characterized by peak heat release rate, fire performance index, and fire growth rate index. The fiber needle felt/aerogels present greatly improved compressive and flexural strength (elastic modulus: 0.1–0.97 MPa; flexural modulus: 0.33–0.66 MPa) while keeping inherent properties of pure silica aerogel: low bulk density (0.166 g/cm3), low thermal conductivity of 0.0236 W/m·K, and high specific surface area (1091.62 m2/g). As a result, the as-prepared composite shows a great potential to be applied in the thermal insulation field.
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