Abstract
The cardiovascular system can sense and adapt to changes in mechanical stimuli by remodeling the physical properties of the heart and blood vessels in order to maintain homeostasis. Imbalances in mechanical forces and/or impaired sensing are now not only implicated but are, in some cases, considered to be drivers for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. There is now growing evidence to highlight the role of mechanical forces in the regulation of protein translation pathways. The canonical mechanism of protein synthesis typically involves transcription and translation. Protein translation occurs globally throughout the cell to maintain general function but localized protein synthesis allows for precise spatiotemporal control of protein translation. This Review will cover studies on the role of biomechanical stress -induced translational control in the heart (often in the context of physiological and pathological hypertrophy). We will also discuss the much less studied effects of mechanical forces in regulating protein translation in the vasculature. Understanding how the mechanical environment influences protein translational mechanisms in the cardiovascular system, will help to inform disease pathogenesis and potential areas of therapeutic intervention.
Highlights
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
There is growing evidence to highlight the role of mechanical forces in the regulation of protein translation pathways
Under pathological settings, such as hypertension, the heart deals with sustained, chronic levels of mechanical strain and this can lead to persistent activation of protein synthesis pathways such as mammalian target of rapamycin which regulate cardiomyocyte growth (Heineke and Molkentin, 2006)
Summary
Imbalances in mechanical forces and/or impaired sensing are implicated but are, in some cases, considered to be drivers for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence to highlight the role of mechanical forces in the regulation of protein translation pathways. Protein translation occurs globally throughout the cell to maintain general function but localized protein synthesis allows for precise spatiotemporal control of protein translation. This Review will cover studies on the role of biomechanical stress -induced translational control in the heart (often in the context of physiological and pathological hypertrophy). We will discuss the much less studied effects of mechanical forces in regulating protein translation in the vasculature.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
