Abstract
Particle boards were prepared from sawdust and urea-formaldehyde resin (UFR) on compression moulding machine. The particleboards were produced at a compression temperature of 150°C; a pressure of 10tons was applied for 15 minutes. The amount of sawdust was kept constant at 20g while UFR was varied from 30ml, 35ml, 40ml and 45ml respectively. The control sample (CS) was the 50ml UFR without any saw dust. The properties of the particleboards were tested using ASTM methods. The results showed that the properties of the particleboards are a function of the percentage composition of the binder (resin) and the filler (sawdust). The results showed that as the URF content increased from 30ml to 45ml, the mechanical properties increased. The hardness increased from 88.6 shoreA to 99 shoreA while the percentage of water absorption decreased as the UFR content increased. The swelling thickness decreased as UFR content increased. The density increased as URF content increased.
Highlights
Particleboard has been defined as generic term for a panel manufactured from linger cellulosic materials, usually wood, primarily in the form of discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers, combined with a synthetic resin or other suitable binder and bonded together under heat and pressure in a hot press by a process in which the entire interparticle bond is created by the added binder, and to which other materials have been added during manufacture to improve certain properties [1].Historically, the products from the light wood technology were very expensive and exclusive
Laboratory Synthesis of Urea Formaldehyde Resin This was done by the condensation reaction of formaldehyde with urea in the ratio of 2.0:1.0. 400ml of 40% aqueous solution of formaldehyde was measured into a clean dried Pyrex 500ml beaker standing on a thermostat hot plate and the solution was stirred vigorously in a fume cupboard for 5minuites. 200g of Urea was gradually added, followed by 15ml of ammonia solution, the mixture was continuously stirred with a magnetic stirrer for one hour at a temperature of 65oC
The results showed that there was a reduction in water absorption of 16.67%, 10.00%, 6.95%, 5.55% respectively as the quantity of UF utilized in the particle board increased, the control sample (CS) showed little or no affinity for water
Summary
Particleboard has been defined as generic term for a panel manufactured from linger cellulosic materials, usually wood, primarily in the form of discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers, combined with a synthetic resin or other suitable binder and bonded together under heat and pressure in a hot press by a process in which the entire interparticle bond is created by the added binder, and to which other materials have been added during manufacture to improve certain properties [1]. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin is extensively used as a binder adhesive for the production of wood-based panels such as medium density fiberboard, particleboard (PB) and hardwood plywood for interior uses. The use of Urea-formaldehyde for the production of particle board and as an adhesive resin has been widely reported due to its high reactivity, good performance, and low price [14]. The relatively low cost and proven performance of phenol-formaldehyde and ureaformaldehyde resins have made them the most important adhesive systems for composite wood products. These two resins are formed by step-growth (condensation) polymerization reaction of formaldehyde (CH2O) with phenol (C6H5OH) and urea (H2NCONH2) respectively. Two main steps are recognized in the reaction of formaldehyde with amino compounds to form useful resins
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