Abstract
The unique properties of nanotextiles based on poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) manufactured using electrospinning method have been known and exploited for many years. Recently, the enrichment of nanofiber textiles with nanoparticles, such as ions or nanodiamond particles (NDP), has become a popular way to modify the textile mechanical, chemical and physical properties. The aim of our study is to investigate the macromechanical properties of PVA nanotextiles enriched with NDP, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) ions. The nanofiber textiles of a various surface weight were prepared from 16% PVA solution, while glyoxal and phosphoric acid were used as cross-linking agents. The copper and silver ions were diluted in aqueous solution and NDP were dispersed into the fibers by ultrasound homogenization. All but one set of samples were exposed to the temperature of 140 °C for 10 minutes. The samples without thermal stabilization exhibited significantly lower elastic stiffness and tensile strength. Moreover, the results of tensile testing indicate that the addition of dispersed nanoparticles has a minor effect on the mechanical properties of textiles and contributes rather to their reinforcement. On the other hand, the lack of thermal stabilization results in a poor interconnection of individual nanofiber layers and the non-stabilized textiles exhibit a lower elastic stiffness and reduced tensile strength.
Highlights
The production of submicrometer fibers using the electrospinning principle is nowadays widely known in two forms – the needle method and the needleless method
Our study investigates PVA nanofiber textiles based on an aqueous solution for their specific properties and with a view to low cost production
This study has focused on the impact of stabilization and incorporation of dispersed nanoparticles of Ag, Cu and nanodiamond particles (NDP) on the mechanical properties of nanofiber textiles produced from an aqueous PVA solution
Summary
The production of submicrometer fibers using the electrospinning principle is nowadays widely known in two forms – the needle method and the needleless method. The needle method exploits high voltage to create an electrically charged stream of polymer solution or alloy coming out of the needle. NanospiderTM is a modified electrospinning method allowing the production of extremely thin nanotextiles made from a liquid polymer using needleless technology. The deposited fibers are arranged randomly on its surface and form a non-woven nanofiber textile. The diameter of these fibers is usually in the range between 50 and 300 nm, depending on the polymer that is used [1, 2]
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