Mechanical Properties of Nanocomposite Cement Incorporating Surface-Treated and Untreated Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nanofibers

Abstract

To study the effects of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on the mechanical properties of cement composites, both untreated and treated CNFs and CNTs were added to cement paste in concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% by weight of cement. The surface-treated nanofilaments were functionalized in a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3). The nano- filaments were dispersed by using an ultrasonic mixer and were then cast into molds. Each specimen was tested in a custom-made three-point flexural test fixture to record the mechanical properties (i.e., the Young's modulus, flexural strength, ductility, and modulus of toughness) at the age of 7, 14, and 28 days. The microstructure was analyzed by using a scanning electron microscope. Untreated CNTs and CNFs were found to enhance the mechanical properties of cementitious materials, whereas the acid-treated CNTs and CNFs degraded the mechanical properties. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)NM.2153-5477.0000041. © 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Nanotechnology; Cement; Mechanical properties; Carbon. Author keywords: Carbon nanotubes; Carbon nanofibers; Cement; Surface treatment; Mechanical properties.