Abstract
This study focuses on microstructure and mechanical behaviour of 3PS (Semi-killed mild steel) hot rolled ribbed and plain carbon steel. 3PS billet steel samples and hot rolled ribbed and plain steel rods of different heat numbers and profiles were characterized for its chemical composition, microstructure, and tensile behaviour. The composition analysis of 5 (five) 3PS billet samples shows that there was no appreciable variation in chemical composition of the hot-rolled plain and ribbed steel rods. The microstructures of as-received steel billet (3PS) examination revealed large grains of ferrite and pearlite while those of hot-rolled 3 PS mild steel samples of different heat numbers contain smaller grains of ferrite and some amount of pearlite. The results also indicated that yield and ultimate tensile strength reach maximum values (492 and 361 N/mm2) at 0.31% elongation for heat number 43 while maximum values for heat number 56 (478 and 362 N/mm2) at 0.33 % respectively. The ribbed steel rod of the same diameter as plain steel exhibit slightly better mechanical properties with higher values of yield and ultimate tensile strength. There is consistency in the chemical composition of the as-received billet and the hot rolled products.
Highlights
Plain carbon steels account for about 80% of all metals used for industrial applications (Mridha, 2016; Aggen et al, 2018) because of their low costs and ease of fabrication (Callister Jr. and Rethwisch, 2012)
Plain carbon steels are machinable, workable and heat treatable providing a wide range of mechanical properties such as yield strengths (200–300 MPa) (Hata et al, 2004)
The results indicated that ultimate tensile strength and total elongation reached maximum values of 791MPa and 36%, respectively
Summary
Plain carbon steels account for about 80% of all metals used for industrial applications (Mridha, 2016; Aggen et al, 2018) because of their low costs and ease of fabrication (Callister Jr. and Rethwisch, 2012). The grain refinement as the only commercially available conventional technique which improves strength and ductility at same time was reported by (Zhuang and Di, 2006) They have noticed an excellent relationship between yield stress and grain size in the development of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels. Saroj, (2010) reported that steel bars produced through conventional rolling often demonstrated low mechanical properties He noticed that inter-stand temperature such that the desired initial austenite grain size is achieved and this would ensure that appropriate of morphology, grain size and texture during cooling of the bars. In the light of the above, current study focuses the effect of hot rolling on the mechanical properties and hot rolling of industrial products (steel rods of different profiles)
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