Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete containing phase change materials (PCM). This research begins with the investigation of melting temperature, enthalpy, the thermal conductivity of the phase change materials using the T-history method, followed by preparation of concrete containing PCM, and finally testing of mechanical properties of concrete through compressive strength test. This study used beeswax, tallow, and dammar gum as PCM mixture. From the results of the PCM properties test, shows that the latent heat energy content from beeswax and tallow exhibit an excellent potential to be used as PCM, while dammar gum is benefited in increasing the thermal conductivity of concrete containing PCM. From concrete specimen test containing 10%, 20% and 30% PCM with 7 days and 28 days aged, the results exhibit that the mechanical properties of the concrete decreased along with the increasing of PCM content. The same test also conducted at the PCM melting temperature. Therefore, the concrete compressive strength test conducted at 45 oC. From the test results, the concrete compressive strength decreased about 3–24% of PCM-0% concrete compressive strength. Drastic compressive strength reduction tends to occur in PCM-Tallow concrete mixture. This study concluded that the PCM is potentially useful as a heat energy absorber material in buildings and lightweight concrete rather than construction structures.
Highlights
Final energy consumption continues to increase in line with the economic growth, population, energy prices, and policies set by the Indonesia Government
This study investigates the potential utilization of beeswax, tallow, and dammar gum as phase change materials (PCM) on concrete buildings
Wrapping up the whole discussion of this research, it can be deduced that the T-history method is suitable for determining enthalpy, specific heat and thermal conductivity of phase change materials, the advantage of using this method is that the phase change of the material during the cooling process can be clearly observed
Summary
Final energy consumption continues to increase in line with the economic growth, population, energy prices, and policies set by the Indonesia Government. Final energy consumption during 2010–2015 increased relatively small which is only about 1.3% per year. By 2015, the most significant share of final energy consumption was household sector (35%) followed by transportation (31%), industry (29%), commercial (4.0%) and others (2.0%). From 2010 to 2015, transportation sector had the tremendous growth of 5.2% per year, followed by household (3.8%), and commercial (2.9%). Energy saving efforts in the building sector are carried out with the issuance building legislation and regulation arranged in Law 28/2002, Government Regulation 36/2005, and Ministry of Public Works & Housing regulation no 02/PRT/M/2005. Green building is a building that meets the requirements of buildings and has significant measurable performance in saving energy, water, and other resources through the application of green building principles by the function and classification in every stage of its operation
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