Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of service situation on the mechanical properties of plain nails manufactured from low carbon steel. The influence of the degree of cold drawing on the mechanical properties and strain hardening of the material is investigated by tensile test experimentation. The stress-strain relationships of the cold-drawn low carbon steel were investigated over the 20, 25, 40 and 55% degree of drawn deformation for the manufacture of 4, 3, 21⁄2 and 2 inches nails, respectively. The true stress-strain curves were analyzed to obtain the yield strength and tensile strength of the cold drawn steel. It is shown that the yield strength, tensile strength, hardness and toughness of the low carbon steel reduce with increasing degree of cold-drawn deformation. The micrographs of the deformed samples obtained using optical microscope shows that the grain structure elongates in the direction of the drawing operation and misorientation of the grains set in at 40 and 55% degree of deformation. The difference in yield strength was attributed to the strain hardening, resulting from the different degrees of drawn deformation.
Highlights
Nails are driven fasteners used mostly in wood structures
Coils of wire are produced by drawing steel rod stock through a series of dies to the diameter required for nail manufacturing
The difference in yield strength was attributed to the strain hardening, resulting from the different degrees of drawn deformation
Summary
Nails are driven fasteners used mostly in wood structures. They consists of a metal rod or shank, pointed at one end and usually having a formed head at the other, that can be driven by hammering into pieces of wood or other materials to fasten them together. The head, shank and point may have several shapes based on the intended function of the nail. Nails are divided into three broad categories based on their length. In general nails less than 1 inch (2.5 cm) in length are called tacks or brads. The length of a nail is measured in a unit called the penny.
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