Mechanical properties of carbon fibre-reinforced glasses

Abstract

Carbon fibre-reinforced glasses exhibit very high values of flexural strength but usually a much less controlled fracture behaviour than SiC fibre-reinforced glasses. Some carbon fibre/glass composite combinations show a well controlled fracture, others a brittle fracture behaviour. The former combinations occasionally exhibit an increase in strength after an abrupt breakdown from the maximum strength. No correlation exists between the strength of the composites and the stresses in the glass matrix due to the thermal expansion mismatch between carbon fibres and glasses in contrast to the SiC fibre composites. The reason for that is seen in the structure of the surface and mainly in the anisotropic properties of the fibres, such as the large differences in the Young's moduli and thermal expansion coefficients parallel and perpendicular to the fibre axis. In particular, no radial compressive stress on the fibres can be built up at the fibre/glass interface because the thermal expansion coefficient of the fibres in the radial direction is much larger than that of the glass matrices used. Thus, the mechanism of load transfer from the matrix to the fibres is a complicated one, and cannot easily be predicted as in the case of the isotropic SiC fibres. A possible mechanism is described in order to interpret the experimental results.