Abstract
Recently, starch has attracted great consideration as a raw material on wood adhesives in the wood industry. Cassava and sago starchbased adhesive are renewable, biodegradable and environmental friendly product when compared with other petroleum-based adhesives. In this study, different starches-based adhesive has been produced. Mechanical properties of plywood made from Acacia mangium veneers with different starches-based adhesives (cassava and sago) as binder cured at different curing temperatures (100°C, 120°C and 140°C) has been determined. All materials (starch, vinegar, water and glycerol) were cooked and stirred until the mixture reached 70°C - 80°C which become sticky and whitish. After that, starch-based adhesives were applied on the veneers by using spreader, and the plywood were pre-pressed for 30 minutes with 20 kg load before hot-press. Cassava starch-based adhesive showed the highest Modulus of Elasticity which was 12410.56 N/mm 2 than sago starch-based adhesive, while Modulus of Rupture of the cassava starch-based adhesive at 100°C showed highest mean value at 74.19 N/mm 2 . Sago-starch based adhesive at 140°C showed the highest shear strength with 1.11 N/mm 2 . In short, cassava and sago starch-based adhesives gave good performance in mechanical properties such as bending for pressed temperature (100°C and 120°C), and shear at 140°C pressed temperature.
Highlights
Adhesive is used and applied on any surface of the material, glued together and resist separation
Most of the wood adhesives are derived from petroleum source, called as synthetic adhesive or petroleum-based synthetic adhesive
Acacia mangium was selected as the raw material where their logs were peeled and veneers cut into size at 19.5 cm in width and 20 cm in length
Summary
Adhesive is used and applied on any surface of the material, glued together and resist separation. Petroleum-based adhesives are non-renewable resource and limited such as melamine formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde resin, phenol formaldehyde and ethylene vinyl acetate based adhesive. These types of adhesive are widely available in different type of material, good in performance, excellent in durability and resistance in moisture and heat. In manufacturing and end use of these synthetic adhesives, low molar mass of toxic compounds were emitted largely. Negative effects on the human health and environment, for example, end product made from plywood in the interior, formaldehyde will be emitted to the surrounding and effects on the human health [1]
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