Mechanical properties and LTE of different joint coupling members in PCP: Experimental and simulation calculations

Abstract

Precast concrete pavements (PCPs) have gained increasing popularity due to their numerous benefits, including faster construction, improved quality, and extended service life. However, PCP panels are often prone to damage at the dowel bar-concrete interface, which adversely affects their load transfer capacity and long-term performance. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the joint coupling of PCP. In this study, static and cyclic loading tests were conducted on the representative joint coupling members of the rod, plate, and coupled types, namely, dowel bar, Uretek glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), and cotter. A comparative analysis was performed on their deflections, earth pressures, and strains. In addition, a finite element model was developed to analyze and discuss the internal stresses and changes in the structural parameters of the joint coupling members. The results showed that the cotter can bear the greatest load with the least maximum principal stress at the concrete interface, making it a more suitable choice for poor foundation conditions and ensuring better long-term performance. The Uretek GFRP demonstrated higher load transfer efficiency (LTE) and a smaller maximum principal stress at the concrete interface, thereby requiring a higher foundation level for heavy loads but ensuring better long-term performance. Although the dowel bar exhibits a high LTE, the concrete interface encounters the highest stress, necessitating greater foundation requirements. These findings provide a reliable scientific reference and serve as a test basis for selecting appropriate joint coupling members in PCP.