Mechanical, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of a novel 0–3 γ-C2S-PZT composite

Abstract

This paper investigated the effect of PZT volume, forming pressure, and polarization regime on mechanical, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of the 0–3 γ-C2S-PZT composite. The latter two included the piezoelectric strain coefficient (d33), piezoelectric voltage coefficient (g33), and dielectric constant (εr). Experimental results indicated that the increase of PZT volume from 0 to 80% significantly increased the d33, g33, and εr from near zero to 70 pC/N, 75 × 10−3 Vm/N, and 140, respectively, due to the enhanced contact between PZT particles. The compressive strength and d33 of γ-C2S-PZT composite were enhanced by 100% and 35%, respectively, with the forming pressure increasing from 25 to 100 MPa. Further increase in pressure to 200 MPa led to the reduction in mechanical strength and piezoelectricity due to the increased porosity of the composite. The increase of polarization voltage from 1.0 to 4.0 kV/mm resulted in doubling the d33 and g33 values. Such improvement for εr was 55%. These three parameters were enhanced by 75%, 25%, and 35%, respectively, with the increase of polarization duration from 5 to 30 min. Compared to cement-based piezoelectric composite, the γ-C2S-PZT composite had 1–5.5, 1–1.2, and 1–2.5 folds greater d33, g33, and εr values, respectively. This can enable the development of a novel low-carbon γ-C2S-PZT composite with improved piezoelectric and dielectric properties, given the reduced carbon footprint and CO2-absorbing characteristics of γ-C2S.