Abstract
The dynamic interaction between the unsteady flow occurrence and the resulting vibration of the pipe are analyzed based on experiments and numerical models. Waterhammer, structural dynamic and fluid–structure interaction (FSI) are the main subjects dealt with in this study. Firstly, a 1D model is developed based on the method of characteristics (MOC) using specific damping coefficients for initial components associated with rheological pipe material behavior, structural and fluid deformation, and type of anchored structural supports. Secondly a 3D coupled complex model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), using a Finite Element Method (FEM), is also applied to predict and distinguish the FSI events. Herein, a specific hydrodynamic model of viscosity to replicate the operation of a valve was also developed to minimize the number of mesh elements and the complexity of the system. The importance of integrated analysis of fluid–structure interaction, especially in non-rigidity anchored pipe systems, is equally emphasized. The developed models are validated through experimental tests.
Highlights
Pipe systems have frequently changes in flow or pressure, induced by a routine maneuver of hydromechanical equipment, leading to a hydraulic transient event
The results show that the new computational techniques are efficient and can yield accurate evaluation of the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) in pressurized systems
Comparing the two numerical models (MOC and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)), the pressure variation obtained shows a good agreement with the experimental tests (Figure 27)
Summary
Pipe systems have frequently changes in flow or pressure, induced by a routine maneuver of hydromechanical equipment, leading to a hydraulic transient event. The most common causes of rapid flow changes in a pipe system are typically by pump or turbine power failures, pipe breaks or valve maneuvers by opening or closure. They can result from natural causes, equipment malfunction, or even operator error. The damage caused by unexpected violent surge pressures is not always predictable. Often, the consequences, such as leakage occurrence, pipe ruptures and joints displacements, do not become apparent until long after the event
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