Mechanical, geometrical, and electrical characterization of silicon membranes for open stencil masks

Abstract

Silicon membranes are used for stencil masks which are key to charged particle projection lithography, particularly for ion projection lithography, electron beam projection. Quantitative and qualitative determination of the mechanical properties of the true thickness, thickness variations (morphology), electrical conductivity and stress is critical to the development of next generation lithography. The metrology setup includes high accuracy thickness, refractive index and electrical conductivity measurement based on infrared variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, thickness variation characterization based on the Fizeau interferometric scheme and mechanical stress evaluation based on a novel double bulging technique.