Mechanical effect of photoassociation for ultracold metastable helium atoms: A new method to measure the scattering length

Abstract

We report a new method to detect photoassociation (PA) resonance signals through the collective dipole oscillations produced by a momentum transfer from the PA excitation lasers to an ultracold atomic cloud confined by a magnetic trap. Using the amplitudes of these oscillations for several molecular excited states, we derive a precise value for the s-wave scattering length between the ultracold atoms. This new and simple method provides results in excellent agreement with previous spectroscopic PA measurements based on atom losses or temperature rise. We present a simple model interpreting the momentum and energy transferred from the PA process to trap confined ultracold atoms.