Abstract
Extrusion based additive manufacturing of cementitious materials has demonstrated strong potential to become widely used in the construction industry. However, the use of this technique in practice is conditioned by a feasible solution to implement reinforcement in such automated process. One of the most successful ductile materials in civil engineering, strain hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) have a high potential to be employed for three-dimensional printing. The match between the tailored brittle matrix and ductility of the fibres enables these composites to develop multiple cracks when loaded under tension. Using previously developed mixtures, this study investigates the physical and mechanical performance of printed SHCC. The anisotropic behavior of the materials is explored by means of mechanical tests in several directions and micro computed tomography tests. The results demonstrated a composite showing strain hardening behavior in two directions explained by the fibre orientation found in the printed elements. Moreover, the printing technique used also has guaranteed an enhanced bond in between the printed layers.
Highlights
The additive manufacturing of cementitious materials (AMoC) is rising as one of the solutions to achieve fully automated building processes
As Wolfs et al [43] reported a significant strength reduction for printed specimens compared to the cast ones, it seems that the dough like consistency of the proposed strain hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) discussed in this study was less vulnerable to casting parameters, such as compaction
The results found are in accordance with the results found in the mechanical test, especially the tensile test with Loading Parallel to the Printing Direction (LPA) and Loading Perpendicular to the Printing Direction (LPE) when ductility was found in both directions
Summary
The additive manufacturing of cementitious materials (AMoC) is rising as one of the solutions to achieve fully automated building processes. One of the most rapidly spreading technologies is extrusion-based deposition of subsequent layers, popularly known as 3D concrete printing (3DCP) [1]. In 3DCP, printable mortars usually have a dough-like consistency in a single stage mixing process, or in a double stage process in which accelerators or viscosity modifiers are added at or near the printing head. The printed material should be able to resist their self-weight, as well as the loads caused by additional layers. The combination of an automated deposition with tailored mix-designs guarantees the freedom of form usually reported in studies in the field of
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