Mechanical and tribological response of ABS polymer matrix filled with graphite powder

Abstract

Thermoplastic-based polymer composites containing solid lubricant filler have been developed using a hot compression molding technique. The thermoplastic polymer is Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) which is of great importance in applications such as bearing and slider material. The solid lubricant employed is graphite powder. Four mass ratios of the graphite particles in the ABS matrix were considered in the range of 0–7.5%. The mechanical properties of ABS composites were investigated using tensile test. The results show that the mechanical properties decrease significantly with the increase of graphite particles amount. Friction experiments were also conducted using a reciprocating tribometer recently developed in our laboratory. For each of the considered mass ratio, evolutions of the friction coefficient, the weight losses and the wear scar micrograph with respect to the number of sliding cycles were analyzed. Severe adhesive wear mechanism is activated for the ABS without graphite particles. Addition of graphite in ABS matrix exhibits lower friction coefficient and weight losses, whose values decrease as the weight fraction of graphite increases in the polymer matrix. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, the worn surface of the filled ABS composites reveals the development of a specific third body which reduces friction and wear. The best friction coefficient and weight loss were obtained with 7.5% in weight (7.5 wt%) of graphite.