Abstract
Introduction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resorbable blasting media (RBM) treatment on early stability of orthodontic mini-implants by mechanical, histomorphometric, and histological analyses. Methods. Ninety-six (64 for mechanical study and 32 for histological study and histomorphometric analysis) titanium orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) with machined (machined group) or RBM-treated (CaP) surface (RBM group) were implanted in the tibiae of 24 rabbits. Maximum initial torque (MIT) was measured during insertion, and maximum removal torque (MRT) and removal angular momentum (RAM) were measured at 2 and 4 weeks after implantation. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) were analyzed at 4 weeks after implantation. Results. RBM group exhibited significantly lower MIT and significantly higher MRT and RAM at 2 weeks than machined group. No significant difference in MRT, RAM, and BIC between the two groups was noted at 4 weeks, although BA was significantly higher in RBM group than in machined group. RBM group showed little bone resorption, whereas machined group showed new bone formation after bone resorption. Conclusions. RBM surface treatment can provide early stability of OMIs around 2 weeks after insertion, whereas stability of machined surface OMIs may decrease in early stages because of bone resorption, although it can subsequently recover by new bone apposition.
Highlights
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resorbable blasting media (RBM) treatment on early stability of orthodontic mini-implants by mechanical, histomorphometric, and histological analyses
Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the implant surfaces in the RBM group were rough and irregular, while those in the machined group were relatively smooth (Figure 4)
The histological and fluorescence results of this study showed that the machined group had broad old bone resorption and new bone apposition at 2 weeks after implantation
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resorbable blasting media (RBM) treatment on early stability of orthodontic mini-implants by mechanical, histomorphometric, and histological analyses. RBM group exhibited significantly lower MIT and significantly higher MRT and RAM at 2 weeks than machined group. The failure rate of OMIs that are conventionally inserted in the buccal alveolar bone was reported to be approximately 10%–30% [6], which was higher than that of surgical plates or palatal implants. Owing to their small diameter, OMIs could loosen under loading [10], and the osseointegration could support the stability of OMI [11]. Some surface characteristics of implants, including surface composition and structure, surface energy, oxide thickness, and topography, may play important roles in the formation and maintenance of bone at the implant surface [13] and may affect its mechanical properties [14]
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