Abstract
Friction stir welding as one of the modern methods of solid-state welding of steel sheets and aluminum is a highly regarded industry. In these studies, the experimental design and response surface methodology were used. Optimization of experimental conditions and results which are compared with good agreement between the results was observed. The mechanical properties and ductility of welded plates under optimal conditions were studied. Microhardness testing, metallography, tensile testing, and limiting dome height were used to investigate the mechanical properties and formability limit diagram attached, respectively. The results showed that the heat-affected zone is very small and narrow and not easily distinguished from the base metal. In all tests, the failure of the dome height limit in the area was chaos. In all samples welded with the optimal parameters, tensile failure occurred in the base metal region. Turbulence in the region confirms the presence of WC particles. Experimental design and response surface methodology could introduce an optimal state, and the creation of common defects in the FSW process can prevent the binding strength of the guarantee. But due to the lack of proper stirring in the perturbation area in the samples welded with non-optimized parameters, the strength of the connection is not suitable, and samples were broken from the SZ region.
Highlights
Recent advances in the industry, such as welding, on the one hand, and arising new necessities, on the other hand, have encouraged researchers and craftsmen to operate new methods to make an increase in the volume of production
Plates joined by Friction Stir Welding (FSW) suffer from some drawbacks, such as a decrease in the strength of welding compared to the base metal which is due to a drop in mechanical properties
Findings were studied, and the optimal FSW parameters were obtained after carrying out 29 tests. en, predicted data and research results were compared
Summary
Recent advances in the industry, such as welding, on the one hand, and arising new necessities, on the other hand, have encouraged researchers and craftsmen to operate new methods to make an increase in the volume of production. Industries have recently turned their attention to the FSW as one of the ground-braking ways of solid-state welding to connect steel plates. Is method as solid-state welding was innovated in the Welding Institute, UK, in 1991 [1, 2] Since it was reported in [3] that FSW has been used in the joining of Al-alloys. As pointed out in [7, 8], FSW has a potential to be used in joining high-temperature materials such as steels.
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