Mechanical and electrical properties of ternary Ag-Bi-Ga system at 250 °C

Duško Minić,Aleksandar Djordjević,Vladan Ćosović,Yong Du,Milena Premovic,Pavel Brož,Dragan Manasijević

doi:10.30544/309

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative review of the experimental and thermodynamic assessment of a ternary Ag-Bi-Ga system. An isothermal section at 250 °C was calculated using optimized thermodynamic data for the constitutive binaries. Microstructures and phase compositions of studied alloys were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray powder diffraction technique. The obtained experimental results were found to support the predicted phase equilibria rather well. The hardness of alloys from three vertical sections (Bi-AgGa, Ag-BiGa, and Ga-AgBi) was determined using Brinell hardness test while the hardness of the individual identified phases was determined using Vickers microhardness test. Additional electrical conductivity measurements were carried out on the same alloy samples. Based on the experimentally obtained results iso-lines of Brinell hardness and electrical conductivity for the entire compositional range were calculated.

Highlights

The ternary are from two-phase region (Ag)-Bi-Ga system was thoroughly investigated in our previous study (Minic et al.) [1]
The alloy samples selected for microstructural analysis by SEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and XRD techniques are marked on Fig. 1 by corresponding symbols
In this study; an isothermal section of the ternary Ag-Bi-Ga system at 250 °C. The selected temperature (250 °C) was experimentally investigated and thermodynamically extrapolated using optimized thermodynamic unary and binary data taken from literature

Summary

Introduction

The ternary Ag-Bi-Ga system was thoroughly investigated in our previous study (Minic et al.) [1]. The results of experimental investigations of the liquidus surface; three vertical sections and the isothermal section at 200 °C are presented in the paper [1]. ; in the current study, the focus is on the experimental investigation of mechanical and electrical properties of alloys of the ternary Ag-Bi-Ga system. Besides mentioned properties; the paper presents results of the SEM-EDS and XRD analysis for alloys from the isothermal section at 250 °C. The significance of the selected ternary system itself reflects in a fact that; as widely known; owing to its outstanding heat and electrical conductivity the silver is practically irreplaceable for various special applications. It is well known that the Ag-Bi [6, 7] or Ag-Ga [8, 9] binaries are extensively used for welding; soldering; in electronics and in the chemical industry

Methods

Results

Conclusion