Abstract
Hybrid composites with carbon and natural fibres offer high modulus and strength combined with low cost and the ability to damp vibration. This study investigates carbon (CFRP), jute (NFRP) and hybrid (HFRP) fibre reinforced polymers manufactured using the resin transfer moulding process. Tensile strength reduced with increasing injection pressure for NFRP (72.7 MPa at 4 bar, 45.5 MPa at 8 bar) and HFRP (98.4 MPa at 4 bar, 92.4 MPa at 8 bar). The tensile modulus for HFRP (15.1 GPa) was almost double that for NFRP (8.2 GPa) and one third of CFRP (44.2 GPa). Loss factor reduced at small strains (10−4) with increasing pressure for NFRP (0.0123 at 4 bar, 0.0112 at 8 bar) and HFRP (0.0048 at 4 bar, 0.0038 at 8 bar) but all were greater than CFRP (0.0024). Increased injection pressure improved the surface properties and prevented read through of the weave pattern, NFRP (Ra = 2.15 μm at 4 bar, 1.51 μm at 8 bar) and HFRP (Ra = 1.80 μm at 4 bar, 1.42 μm at 8 bar). Hybridisation of low cost, sustainable jute with carbon fibre offers a more sustainable and economic alternative to CFRPs with excellent damping properties.
Highlights
Fibre reinforced polymer composites are applied widely in industry where it is desirable to reduce mass by taking advantage of their high specific strength and stiffness
The Natural fibre reinforced polymers (NFRPs) and Hybrid fibre reinforced polymers (HFRPs) panels produced at 8 bar had a lower tensile strength than those produced at 4 bar
In the present study higher injection pressure has had a marked effect on the tensile strength of NFRP which cannot be explained by increased void content or decreased Fibre volume fraction (FVF)
Summary
Fibre reinforced polymer composites are applied widely in industry where it is desirable to reduce mass by taking advantage of their high specific strength and stiffness. An alternative approach is to use natural fibres which are renewable, have low embodied energy, low cost and low density [2]. They have poor mechanical properties, high variation, sensitivity to moisture and poor adhesion between fibre and matrix [3]. Recycling of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) at their end of life is the subject of intense research focused on extracting value from both fibres and matrix [4e7]. Natural fibre reinforced polymers (NFRPs) are either composted or burnt for energy recovery at their end of life with the primary advantage of being carbon neutral [8]
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