Mechanical and chemical implant decontamination in surgical peri-implantitis treatment: preclinical "invivo" study.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a titanium brush and chemical agents following surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis. Six implants were installed in the mandible of eight beagle dogs (unit of analysis) 3months after tooth extraction. Experimental peri-implantitis was induced 3months later. The defects were randomly allocated in three treatment groups: (a) TiBrush(™) +sodium hypochlorite+chlorhexidine (TBH), (b) TiBrush(™) +chlorhexidine (TB), (c) an ultrasonic device+chlorhexidine (US). The distal implant in each hemimandible was used as control, and no treatment was done. Clinical and histological measurements were performed after 3months of healing. All treatment procedures resulted in statistically significant improvements of all clinical parameters. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between treatment groups in terms of woven bone height (primary outcome). However, there were differences between test and control groups in terms of inflammation, bone defect depth and bone refill without differences between TBH and TB groups. Resolution of peri-implantitis after access surgery and decontamination of peri-implant surfaces with TiBrush(™) with or without sodium hypochlorite is possible. However, the concomitant use of sodium hypochlorite has minor effect on treatment outcomes.