Mechanical analysis of non-Newtonian nanofluid past a thin needle with dipole effect and entropic characteristics

Muhammad Ramzan,Noor Saeed Khan,Poom Kumam

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98128-z

Abstract

The study concerns with the mechanical characteristics of heat and mass transfer flow of a second grade nanofluid as well as gyrotatic microorganism motion past a thin needle with dipole effect, entropy generation, thermal radiation, Arrhenius activation energy and binar chemical reaction. The governing equations and boundary conditions are simplified by the use of suitable similarity transformations. Homotopy analysis method is implemented to obtain the series solution of non-linear ordinary differential equations. Physical behaviors of heat and mass transfer flow with gyrotatic microorganisms and entropy generation are investigated through the embedded parameters. The nanofluid velocity is enhanced for higher values of the ferromagnetic parameter, local Grashof number, bioconvection Rayleigh number and radiation parameter. The Reynolds number, radiation parameter and Eckert number decrease the nanofluid temperature. The entropy generation is increased with the enhancement of radiation parameter, Eckert number, Lewis number, temperature difference parameter, dimensionless constant parameter, Curie temperature, Prandtl number and concentration difference parameter.

Highlights

The study concerns with the mechanical characteristics of heat and mass transfer flow of a second grade nanofluid as well as gyrotatic microorganism motion past a thin needle with dipole effect, entropy generation, thermal radiation, Arrhenius activation energy and binar chemical reaction
The problem of two-dimensional non-Newtonian second grade nanofluid with magnetic dipole effect and gyrotactic microorganism past a thin needle is performed
The effects of Arrhenius activation energy and binary chemical reaction are detected with the analysis of entropy generation

Summary

Introduction

The study concerns with the mechanical characteristics of heat and mass transfer flow of a second grade nanofluid as well as gyrotatic microorganism motion past a thin needle with dipole effect, entropy generation, thermal radiation, Arrhenius activation energy and binar chemical reaction. E Non-dimensional activation energy parameter kcr Chemical reaction Dm Brownian diffusion coefficient of microorganisms ζ Similarity variable f ′(ζ) Dimensionless velocity θ(ζ) Dimensionless temperature φ(ζ) Dimensionless nanoparticles concentration χ(ζ) Dimensionless motile gyrotactic microorganisms concentration δ Elasticity parameter γ1 Distance between origin and center of the magnetic dipole γ Strength of magnetic field k∗ Pyromagnetic coefficient β Ferromagnetic parameter Ec Eckert number ǫ Dimensionless Curie temperature ratio Gr Local Grashof number Nr Buoyancy ratio parameter Rb Bioconvection Rayleigh number R Radiation parameter Pr Prandtl number Nb Brownian motion parameter Nt Thermophoresis parameter Le Lewis number Ŵ Binary chemical reaction parameter

Methods

Results

Conclusion