Abstract

Abstract This study explores the mechanical aspects of the El Niño system by transforming it into a Kolmogorov type system, characterized by four types of torques known as internal, inertial, dissipation, and external. Five scenarios by varying these torques to identify the factors that lead to chaos and their physical significance are also investigated. The interactions between kinetic, potential, and Hamiltonian energies are analyzed and depicted as how these energies interact with system parameters. The study also emphasizes the benefits of conservative chaos over dissipative chaos. Particularly, it has more applications like secure communications and pseudo-random number generation. The role of force interactions and exchanges, including Casimir energy in the generation of chaos is also identified. The transition from regular to irregular orbits, and then to more chaotic states is investigated through Casimir function. It concludes that all four types of torques are necessary to induce chaos in the El Niño chaotic system. Additionally, function matrix projective synchronization between identical El-Nino chaotic systems has achieved.

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