Meat productivity of bulls of the Simmental breed and crossbreeds with blood relationship (? Simmental + ? Aberdeen-Angus), (? Simmental + ? Kalmyk)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to establish the characteristics of the meat productivity of steers obtained from crossing Simmental cows with Aberdeen-Angus and Kalmyk bulls, depending on the cultivation technology. Scientific and economic experiments were conducted in three farms of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic: LLC firm Hammer (experience 1); SEC PZ Zarya -1 (experience 2) LLC Yugagrohim (experience 3) in 2021-2022. For the entire period of cultivation in crossbreeds (? Simmental + ? Aberdeen-Angus) in the first experiment, the average daily increase was 711 g, 8.5 energy feed units were spent on 1 kg of increase, while the increase in Simmental bulls was 655 g per day, 10.4 EQ was spent on 1 kg of increase, or 22.35% more. The crossbreeds (? Simmental + ? Kalmyk) were closer to the bulls of the Simmental breed in terms of growth and payment of feed. In the first, second and third experiments, the crossbreeds (? Simmental + ? Aberdeen-Angus) outperformed purebred simmentals by: pre-slaughter live weight by 29.7 (P>0.999), 12.1 and 13.9 (P>0.99) kg; the mass of the paired carcass by -18.5, 8.9 and 8.6 kg (P>0.99 – 0.999); internal fat weight by – 3.1 (P>0.999), 0.6 and 2.4 (P>0.99) kg; slaughter weight by – 21.6, 9.5 and 10.2 kg (P>0.99–0.999); slaughter yield by -1,07,0,66 and 0.49 abs.%; half-carcass weight by 9.1, 4,5. and 4.5 kg (P>0.99–0.999); muscle mass by -6.13 (P>0.999), 3.0 (P>0.95) and 3.74 (P>0.99) kg; adipose tissue by–3.75 (P>0.99), 1.91 and 0.58 kg, respectively.