Meat and dairy analogs from vegetable proteins.

Abstract

AbstractThe enormous pressures for protein food products in the coming decades, brought on by world population increases, will be solved through the extension of traditional animal protein foods with vegetable proteins and through the development of food products based on vegetable proteins alone. Analogs of beef, fish, poultry and other traditional animal protein products, which are based solely on vegetable proteins, are an established food category, and are expected to increase market share. Dairy analogs based on vegetable cow's milk and dairy desserts. Vegetable forms of cheese and other milk protein products are also expected to increase. Nutritional equivalence of vegetable protein products is fundamental to product design. Protein and fat content must be standardized. Vegetable proteins are blended to reach desirable protein quality. Analogs currently marketed are primarily blends of soy and wheat proteins containing lesser amounts of yeast and egg albumen. The products are fortified with vitamins and minerals to levels present in animal protein foods. Processed meat manufacturing facilities, which exist in most developed countries, can be readily adapted to produce meat analogs. The technology which has been developed to date is based on soy or soy/wheat combinations. The technology can readily be adapted to other vegetable proteins such as rapeseed, cotton‐seed, sesame or sunflower. These protein sources, while in abundance in many countries, need process research which can refine them for human use. The vegetable proteins offer the world's exploding population a virtually untapped resource for its burgeoning food requirements.