Abstract
Land subsidence in urban environments is an increasingly prominent aspect in the monitoring and maintenance of urban infrastructures. In this study we update the subsidence information over Rome and its surroundings (already the subject of past research with other sensors) for the first time using Copernicus Sentinel-1 data and open source tools. With this aim, we have developed a fully automatic processing chain for land deformation monitoring using the European Space Agency (ESA) SentiNel Application Platform (SNAP) and Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS). We have applied this automatic processing chain to more than 160 Sentinel-1A images over ascending and descending orbits to depict primarily the Line-Of-Sight ground deformation rates. Results of both geometries were then combined to compute the actual vertical motion component, which resulted in more than 2 million point targets, over their common area. Deformation measurements are in agreement with past studies over the city of Rome, identifying main subsidence areas in: (i) Fiumicino; (ii) along the Tiber River; (iii) Ostia and coastal area; (iv) Ostiense quarter; and (v) Tivoli area. Finally, post-processing of Persistent Scatterer Inteferometry (PSI) results, in a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment, for the extraction of ground displacements on urban infrastructures (including road networks, buildings and bridges) is considered.
Highlights
Since the launch of Copernicus Sentinel-1A on 8 April 2014, a new era of continuous monitoring using spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors has started
The SentiNel Application Platform (SNAP) TOPSAR) capabilities were made available to users at an early stage, just before the start of Sentinel-1 data dissemination, while SNAP TOPS Interferometric SAR (InSAR) development were first communicated at the European Space Agency (ESA) Fringe 2015 consultation meeting
The authors had released a first version of the snap2stamps package in July 2018, which automates the TOPSAR single master Differential InSAR (DInSAR) processing, fully compatible with Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) Persistent Scatterer Inteferometry (PSI) [9], allowing the creation of stacks of single master interferograms in batch mode, just by defining some simple settings such as project folder, subswath to process and defining the bounding box coordinates of the area of interest
Summary
Since the launch of Copernicus Sentinel-1A on 8 April 2014, a new era of continuous monitoring using spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors has started. In support to the EO community, the European Space Agency (ESA) continued developing appropriate tools for the utilization of the Copernicus Sentinel data. The SNAP TOPSAR) capabilities were made available to users at an early stage, just before the start of Sentinel-1 data dissemination, while SNAP TOPS Interferometric SAR (InSAR) development were first communicated at the ESA Fringe 2015 consultation meeting. Further development of SNAP was carried out to include exports to software packages supporting more advanced interferometric analysis, such as Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) [8]. StaMPS is a freely distributed package for research purposes with a large user community that incorporates Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) and Small Baseline methods to measure ground displacements from time series of SAR acquisitions. A dedicated analysis was performed highlighting vertical displacements along urban infrastructures, including road networks, buildings and bridges
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