Abstract
An odd number of digital not-gates connected in a closed loop circuit will produce a relatively stable free running oscillator. The frequency of oscillation is determined by the number and type of not-gates, the circuit supply voltage, and the total length of connection wire used between the not-gates. Measuring the frequency for various lengths of connection wire enables the speed of the digital signals in the wire to be calculated. The method is sensitive enough to reveal that signals traveling in 22 gauge insulated copper wire propagate about 5% slower than those in 22 gauge bare copper wire. The speed in insulated wire is (2.87±0.03)×108 m/s and the speed in bare wire is (3.03±0.02)×108 m/s. This experiment has been found to be a very popular undergraduate laboratory due to its low cost, straightforward theory, and relatively high (∼1%) precision. The absence of a light source eliminates complicated optics and impresses students with the fact that visible light is not the only thing that travels with the speed of light!
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
