Abstract
How to accurately measure the interprovincial CO2 emissions is key to achieving the task of energy saving and emission reduction. Electric power is very important for economy development. At the same time, the amount of interprovincial electric power dispatching is very large in China, so it is obligatory to measure the CO2 emissions from both electricity production and consumption perspectives. We have measured China's interprovincial CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion during 2000–2014, in which the revised regional electric power CO2 emissions are used to adjust interprovincial CO2 emissions. The obtained results show that: no matter from which perspective one considers the situation, the overall CO2 emissions of China are almost the same amount. From different perspectives, the interprovincial CO2 emissions are different. In terms of the production perspective, CO2 emissions of Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong are underestimated. However, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Shaanxi are overestimated. If the electric power dispatching is not considered, it is unfairly portrayed as transferring CO2 emissions from the electricity input provinces to the output ones, because the electricity input provinces enjoy clean energy, but the electricity production ones pay for the environmental pollution.
Highlights
During the past 30 years, China’s economy has experienced a rapid development, while consuming a large amount of energy, which has caused many environmental problems such as smog, sand storm and acid rain
Referring to the Reference Approach of IPCC2006 Guidelines [15], we measure energy-related consumption CO2 emissions: ÿ where TC is the amount of CO2 emissions produced by energy consumption; Qi is the consumption of the ith fossil fuel, presented by physical unit; δi is the CO2 emission factor of the ith fossil fuel; i represents the types of fossil fuel, including raw coal, cleaned coal, other washed coal, coal briquette, coke, coke oven gas, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, crude oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas
Note: CO2 emission factors are calculated by the conversion factor for the fuel to energy units (TJ) on a net calorific value basis in the China Energy Statistical Yearbooks [26] and carbon content referred by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [15]
Summary
During the past 30 years, China’s economy has experienced a rapid development, while consuming a large amount of energy, which has caused many environmental problems such as smog, sand storm and acid rain. There will be a relatively big deviation of interprovincial CO2 emissions when primary energy consumption data is used, because it does not take into account the transfer of CO2 emissions when secondary energy (electricity, coke, gasoline, diesel and fuel oil, etc.) are transferred in and out the provinces It cannot measure the CO2 emissions responsibility of each province precisely. The contributions lie in the following aspects: (i) we measure the interprovincial CO2 emissions based on the energy balance sheet which can effectively distinguish various types of fuel This includes the primary energy sources of coal, oil, natural gas, and secondary energy, such as coke, coke oven gas, gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas et al Provinces should be responsible for the CO2 emissions produced by their energy consumption.
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