Abstract
The measurement of the cesium (Cs) 5p67d2D5/2 excited state’s hyperfine splitting intervals and hyperfine interaction constants was experimentally investigated using a ladder-type (852 nm + 698 nm) three-level Cs system (5p66s2S1/2–5p66p2P3/2–5p67d2D5/2) with a room-temperature Cs atomic vapor cell. By scanning the 698 nm coupling laser’s frequency, the Doppler-free high-resolution electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT)-assisted double-resonance optical pumping (DROP) spectra were demonstrated via transmission enhancement of the locked 852 nm probe laser. The EIT-assisted DROP spectra were employed to study the hyperfine splitting intervals for the Cs 5p67d2D5/2 excited state with a room-temperature Cs atomic vapor cell, and the radio-frequency modulation sideband of a waveguide-type electro-optic phase modulator (EOPM) was introduced for frequency calibration to improve the accuracy of frequency interval measurement. The existence of EIT makes the DROP spectral linewidth much narrower, and it is very helpful to significantly improve the spectroscopic resolution. Benefiting from the higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and much better resolution of the EIT-assisted DROP spectra, the hyperfine splitting intervals between the hyperfine folds of (F” = 6), (F” = 5), and (F” = 4) of the Cs 5p67d2D5/2 state (HFS6″–5″ = −10.60(17) MHz and HFS5″–4″ = −8.54(15) MHz) were measured and, therefore, the magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction constant (A = −1.70(03) MHz) and the electrical quadrupole hyperfine interaction constant (B = −0.77(58) MHz) were derived for the Cs 5p67d2D5/2 state. These constants constitute an important reference value for an improvement of the precise measurement and determination of basic physical constants.
Highlights
In recent years, with the maturity and development of high-precision spectroscopic technology, the precise measurement of the hyperfine structure (HFS) of alkali metal atoms and related physical constants has been a topic of concern in the fields of atomic physics, laser spectroscopy, and precision measurement [1,2]
The hyperfine splitting interval of the excited state of alkali metal atoms can be measured and the corresponding hyperfine interaction constants can be further derived with high precision
As the hyperfine structure can be accurately measured, we can improve the accuracy of measurements to explain the relevant physical measurements and calculations [9,10]
Summary
With the maturity and development of high-precision spectroscopic technology, the precise measurement of the hyperfine structure (HFS) of alkali metal atoms and related physical constants has been a topic of concern in the fields of atomic physics, laser spectroscopy, and precision measurement [1,2]. The hyperfine splitting interval of the excited state of alkali metal atoms can be measured and the corresponding hyperfine interaction constants can be further derived with high precision. Dzuba et al [14], who studied the feasibility of measuring PNC amplitudes in the dipole-forbidden transitions of cesium (Cs) atoms, was hampered by the difficulty of the strong correlation effects. Research related to the nd state and the precise measurement of hyperfine structures play an important role in fundamental physics, such as atomic frequency calibration, construction of quantum theoretical models, laser cooling and trapping, and isotope identification [15,16,17,18,19]. Many groups carried out theoretical and experimental studies on the atomic hyperfine structure, there were few precise measurements of the hyperfine interaction constants, especially for the nd state. On the basis of the atomic coherence effect of a 5p6 6s 2 S1/2 –5p6 6p
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