Measuring the dispersion relations of spin wave bands using time-of-flight spectroscopy

Abstract

We develop a generic all-inductive procedure to measure the band structure of spin waves in a magnetic thin stripe. In contrast to existing techniques, our method works even if several spin wave branches coexist in the investigated frequency interval, provided that the branches possess sufficiently different group velocities. We first measure the microwave scattering matrix of a network composed of distant antennas inductively coupled to the spin wave bath of the magnetic film. After a mathematical transformation to the time domain to get the transmission impulse response, the different spin wave branches are viewed as wave packets that reach successively the receiving antenna after different travel times. In analogy with time-of-flight spectroscopy, the wave packets are then separated by time gating. The time-gated responses are used to recalculate the contribution of each spin wave branch to the frequency domain scattering matrix. The dispersion relation of each branch stems from the absolute phase of the time-gated transmission parameter. The spin-wave wave vector can be determined unambiguously if the results for several propagation distances are combined, so as to get the dispersion relations.