Abstract
Participation is an important outcome for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), but very few participation instruments have been tested in this population. Using a sample of persons with SCI, this study directly compared the measurement properties of three instruments: the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA), the Participation Measure-Post Acute Care (PM-PAC), and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II). Ceiling effects were common among all the instruments. Reliability (internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficients, and minimal detectable change) and construct validity were superior for the IPA. However, the PM-PAC and WHODAS II had adequate measurement properties across most domains.
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