Abstract
We introduce a simple but practical method to measure the optical transmission matrix (TM) of complex media. The optical TM of a complex medium is obtained by modulating the wavefront of a beam impinging on the complex medium and imaging the transmitted full-field speckle intensity patterns. Using the retrieved TM, we demonstrate the generation and linear combination of multiple foci on demand through the complex medium. This method will be used as a versatile tool for coherence control of waves through turbid media.
Highlights
Light transport through complex media is a fundamental optical phenomenon relevant to various research fields and applications from light localization [1], quantum secure authentication [2], and random lasers [3] to imaging through highly turbid media such as biological tissue [4]
Research has revealed the potential of coherent control of multiple scattered light [5] that exploits the linear relationship between incidents and transmitted light fields through a scattering medium, which is described by a transmission matrix (TM)
The advantage of the wavefront shaping technique lies in the simple optical system, which has been utilized in recent works demonstrating a high degree control of scattering light fields in space [6, 9], time [10], wavelength [11], polarization [12], imaging [13], transmission energy [14], at sub-wavelength scales [15], and photo-acoustically guided light [16]
Summary
Light transport through complex media is a fundamental optical phenomenon relevant to various research fields and applications from light localization [1], quantum secure authentication [2], and random lasers [3] to imaging through highly turbid media such as biological tissue [4]. The advantage of the wavefront shaping technique lies in the simple optical system, which has been utilized in recent works demonstrating a high degree control of scattering light fields in space [6, 9], time [10], wavelength [11], polarization [12], imaging [13], transmission energy [14], at sub-wavelength scales [15], and photo-acoustically guided light [16] Such methods only access one output mode at a time; as many optimization processes should be performed as the number of optical modes of interest. In spite of the simplicity of the method, this limitation prevents practical applications of wavefront shaping techniques
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