Measuring multiple dimensions of perceived control in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer

Abstract

A multidimensional approach to the study of focus of perceived control (FPC) can provide a more specific understanding of associations between FPC and adjustment to cancer. We developed and tested a measure to capture multiple dimensions of FPC and examined FPC dimensions in relation to positive expectancies and three indices of psychosocial adjustment in 219 women with breast cancer. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 6-factor model of FPC (χ2 284 df = 433.67, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.049, 90% C.I. = 0.040, 0.058) that included PC over physical symptoms, emotions, relationships, medical care, cancer outcomes and life in general. Specific associations between FPC and adjustment were observed: more emotional PC was associated with less emotional distress, more physical PC was associated with better physical quality of life (QOL), and more medical PC was associated with better medical QOL. Positive expectancies were also associated with better outcomes. These results indicate dimensions of FPC as differentially associated with indices of adjustment, suggesting multiple targets of interventions aimed at benefiting breast cancer survivors.