Measuring intraocular pressure with OCT: the first approach.

Abstract

The variability of corneal OCT speckle statistics is indirectly related to changes in corneal microstructure, which may be induced by intraocular pressure (IOP). A new approach is considered, which attempts to estimate IOP based on corneal speckle statistics in OCT images. An area (A) under trajectories of contrast ratio with respect to stromal depth was calculated. The proposed method was evaluated on OCT images from the ex-vivo study on porcine eyeballs and in-vivo study on human corneas. A statistically significant multivariate linear regression model was obtained from the ex-vivo study: IOP = 0.70 · A - 6.11, in which IOP was precisely controlled in the anterior chamber. The ex-vivo study showed good correlation between A and IOP (R = 0.628, at the least) whereas the in-vivo study showed poor correlation between A and clinical air-puff tonometry based estimates of IOP (R = 0.351, at the most), indicating substantial differences between the two studies. The results of the ex-vivo study show the potential for OCT speckle statistics to be utilized for measuring IOP using static corneal imaging that does not require corneal deformation. Nevertheless, further work is needed to validate this approach in living human corneas.