Measuring ACT in context: Challenges and future directions

Abstract

Measurement in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) should prioritize theoretically relevant outcomes (well-being, values-consistent action) and hypothesized processes of change (psychological flexibility and its components). Development and refinement of ACT measures have proceeded rapidly and with some success. This review describes empirical research on such issues as measurement invariance in diverse samples and identifies challenges associated with measurement of key ACT constructs such as psychological (in)flexibility and values. Important priorities for future research include continued evaluation of discriminant validity of psychological inflexibility measures from general distress as well as more frequent incorporation of multiple assessment modalities including non-self-report methods. Recommendations for ACT measurement in clinical practice include anchoring assessment in values and personalizing assessment to the client.