Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) localization relies on measurements. Availability of, and the information content in, these measurements depend on the network architecture, connectivity, node time synchronization and the signaling bandwidth between the sensor nodes. This chapter addresses wireless sensor networks measurements in a general framework based on a set of nodes, where each node either emits or receives signals. The emitted signal can for example be a radio, acoustic, seismic, infrared or sonic wave that is propagated in a certain media to the receiver. This general observation model does not make any difference between localization of sensor network nodes or unknown objects, or whether the nodes or objects are stationary or mobile. The information available for localization in wireless cellular networks (WCN) is in literature classified as direction of arrival (DOA), time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA) and received signal strength (RSS). This chapter generalizes these concepts to the more general wireless sensor networks.

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