Measurements of some physical properties of binary liquid mixtures (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + an aliphatic ester) at several temperatures and data processing of viscosity and ultrasonic speed

Abstract

The ultrasonic speed (U) studies are carried out using single crystal variable path fixed frequency (2MHz) ultrasonic interferometer on some aliphatic esters in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) at temperatures of 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K. Excess molar volume, excess isobaric thermal expansion coefficient, excess isentropic compressibility and excess ultrasonic speed are computed from the experimentally measured ultrasonic speeds and densities of pure liquids NMP, methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA), butyl acetate (BA) and their binary mixtures over the entire range of composition of NMP. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature of the binary mixtures is discussed in terms of molecular interactions of component molecules. The excess parameters are fitted to a Redlich–Kister type polynomial and the corresponding standard deviations are calculated. Thermodynamic parameters under study suggest the existence of strong interactions between NMP and aliphatic esters. The experimental data of viscosity is used to test the applicability of empirical relations of Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer and McAllister for the systems studied. Also, ultrasonic speeds are theoretically evaluated based on scaled particle theory and compared with the experimentally measured values. The study reveals a close agreement between experimental and theoretical values of ultrasonic speed of these mixtures at all the temperatures under study. An attempt is made to study the temperature effect on the shapes of the interacting molecules in the binary liquid mixture using scaled particle theory in the temperature range 303.15–318.15K.