Abstract

Energy distributions of ions emanating from high-current, xenon hollow cathodes were measured using an electrostatic energy analyzer. Ions with energies much greater thanmaximumpotential differences between electrodes were observed. This result is consistent with previous retarding-potential-analyzer data, but the electrostaticenergy-analyzer data show much more complicated structures. To characterize these distributions, they were Ž t with simple Gaussian functions, and the effects of discharge conditions on high-energy-ion characteristics were investigated. The energy of ions emanating from cathodes appears to increase as discharge current is increased or cathode  ow rate is reduced. Higher discharge currents cause the ion populations in the high-energy tails of the distributions to increase in the plume mode while the high-energy tails decrease in the spot mode.

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