Abstract
In many modern heavy-ion accelerator facilities, gas strippers are used to increase the projectile charge state for improving the acceleration efficiency of ion beams to higher energies. For this application, the knowledge on the behavior of charge state distributions of heavy-ions after passing through dilute gases is of special interest. Charge state distributions of uranium ($^{238}\mathrm{U}$), bismuth ($^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$), titanium ($^{50}\mathrm{Ti}$), and argon ($^{40}\mathrm{Ar}$) ion beams with energies of $0.74\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{u}$ and $1.4\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{u}$ after passing through hydrogen (${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$), helium (He), carbon dioxide (${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$), nitrogen (${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$), oxygen (${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$), neon (Ne), and argon (Ar) gases were measured. Gas stripper target thicknesses up to $100\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{g}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ were applied. The observed behavior of the charge state distributions, including their width and mean charge state, are discussed. The measurements show the highest equilibrium charge state at $1.4\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{u}$ for $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ on ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ gas of $29.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2$. Narrow charge state distributions are observed for $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ and $^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$ on ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and He gas, which are highly beneficial, e.g., for the production of beams of high intensities in accelerators.
Highlights
Charge stripping is a key technology for heavy-ion accelerator facilities, as the output charge state, the efficiency to produce ions in the selected charge state, and the beam quality after stripping are directly effecting the performance of the accelerator
Generated in an ion source at comparatively low charge states are initially accelerated only to a few MeV/u. They are guided to a charge stripper, where they pass through matter of a target to increase the average charge state of the ions in charge-exchanging collisions between the ions and the atoms or molecules of the target
The ion beams are delivered by one of several available ion sources [20]. For this measurement campaign high-intensity U-beams from a Vacuum ARc Ion Source (VARIS) [21] were used
Summary
Charge stripping is a key technology for heavy-ion accelerator facilities, as the output charge state, the efficiency to produce ions in the selected charge state, and the beam quality after stripping are directly effecting the performance of the accelerator. The charge state distribution of heavy ions passing through matter is of special interest in heavy-ion accelerator physics. Generated in an ion source at comparatively low charge states are initially accelerated only to a few MeV/u. They are guided to a charge stripper, where they pass through matter of a target to increase the average charge state of the ions in charge-exchanging collisions between the ions and the atoms or molecules of the target. One or several ion charge states are selected for further acceleration This enables a more efficient acceleration up to the final beam energy, compared to acceleration of ions with a lower charge state
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.