Measurement Uncertainty and Requirements of Production System. Selected Issues of Measurement Uncertainty Theory

Abstract

This chapter describes the theoretical bases together with the author’s concept of identification of reproducibility error of the measuring point (REMP), as the basis of the matrix method (MM) used for CMM error identification and the assessment of their accuracy. Also the importance of coordinate metrology for quality management and the evaluation of measurement uncertainty as a key task in deciding product geometry compliance with its specifications (GPS, geometrical product specification) are pointed out. There is also presented one of the most accurate coordinate measuring machines in the laboratory, with the air-conditioning system ensuring thermal stability in the range of ±0.05 °C. This chapter presents the theory of measurement uncertainty, the vector concept of describing coordinate measurement accuracy, and the REMP. It discusses the results of the author’s original work concerning the determination of coordinate system accuracy at the measuring point and presents it as the basis for the new concept of CMS accuracy assessment. It also examines the issue of standards construction and the methodology of their application, which includes the possibility of identifying the accuracy at the measuring point. The discussion on coordinate measurement uncertainty in accordance with international standards and the author’s research results, including the method using a calibrated object or standard, the concept of a multiposition method with the use of a noncalibrated object or simulative, analytical and expert methods is also presented.